While there is overwhelming evidence that the only way we can reach climate goals is by reducing the volume of meat consumed globally, there is also the very real constraint that people need cheap food, and costly meat replacements simply won’t cut it.
On average, plant-based meat is twice as expensive as conventional meat products, and with no end to the cost-of-living crisis, consumers need affordable protein options.
But we don’t need to jump too quickly to assuming cheap protein means cheap meat, as French Minister of Agriculture Marc Fesneau stated last week in a strong push for factory farming.
In fact, meat-free proteins can be, and in many instances are already, cheaper than meat.
First, the price of meat is artificially deflated due to subsidies. EU livestock farmers make at least 50% of their income from direct subsidies, allowing industrial meat processors to pay artificially lower prices to farmers.
Overall, European animal farmers receive 1,200 times more public subsidies than plant-based or cultivated meat producers.
In the US, the uneven playing field isn’t any better: livestock farmers get 800 times more public money.
Compare that to alternative protein products like plant-based meats that not only lack major subsidies but in fact are subject to higher taxes and tariffs, increasing the costs of producing these products.
Second, many plant-based products are now just as cheap to make as conventional meat, even with the uneven subsidies.
They may be sold at higher mark-ups to consumers in some grocery stores and restaurants, but the production costs are nearly equal on many products.
This, in part, explains why the switch to plant proteins is growing in the fast-food sector.
In the US, Taco Bell offers its
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