Twelve post-race penalties mix up Austrian GP result - ESPN

Nearly five hours after the chequered flag, the FIA has confirmed the final result of the Austrian Grand Prix after 12 additional post-race penalties were issued for track-limits violations.

Eight drivers were hit with time penalties — some multiple times — meaning the race result had to be reissued to reflect the changes in position.

However, the top three were not affected, meaning Max Verstappen retained his seventh victory of the season ahead of Charles Leclerc in second and Sergio Perez in third.

Carlos Sainz, who received a ten-second penalty, dropped from fourth place to sixth in the final classification, while Lewis Hamilton dropped from seventh place to eighth and Pierre Gasly lost ninth position to Lance Stroll and finished tenth.

All the other penalties were applied to drivers outside the points (details below).

The potential for additional penalties, which were applied on top of the eight penalties issued during and immediately after the race, came to light after Aston Martin protested the result in the belief that some track limits violations had gone unpenalised.

The stewards accepted the protest and revealed the FIA was already working through a total of 1,200 possible transgressions to determine if further penalties were necessary.

It was not until 9:30 p.m. local time that the full list of penalties was revealed.

Under F1's regulations, three track-limits infringements results in a warning, with a fourth resulting in a five-second penalty and a fifth resulting in a ten-second penalty. Once a ten-second penalty has been issued, the process is reset for that driver and the counting of infringements restarts.

Such a large number of track limits violations in one race is unprecedented, with all the